The Men In Germany of the 18th Century were the main source of income and they made all final decisions. They were allowed to vote, buy land/properties, they could run for elections, and they could get a better education than women.
Some jobs men would do would be carpenters, millers, blacksmiths, gunsmiths, locksmiths, clock makers, cabinet makers, etc. They were unique talents rather than what the women were able to be apart of.
Women of the 18th Century in Germany were of a lower class than the men. Primarily their job was to take care of the household and the children while the man would go and earn the income. Jobs that they could get involved in were being a nurse in the military, prostitution, and some were able to manage farms and shops if they were lucky.
Women in the United States were about 15% of the work force and they made up one-third of the factory operators. Although, there were women in the factories in the U.S, there were more women having a more gentle occupation, such as teaching, dressmaking and tailoring. Most teachers in the 18th century were female. Even though these are the most common places you could find women working in the 18th century, there was always a slight chance you could find them where men did because when their husbands are gone for war, they would sometimes take over the business their husband normally would have been managing.
Besides Germany and the United States, there were differences in gender roles in other countries such as France and England.
In France, women had no property rights. Men had the task of completing activities, outside of the household, in order to earn extra income. Women were seen as fragile, and remained at the home to care for the children and tend to the upkeep of the home. Lower class women stayed in the home and often worked around the farm milking cows. Even women stayed in privileged positions were often held back from independent action by traditional cultural and social norms of behavior.
In England, under the common law of England, an unmarried woman could own property, make a contract, sue and be sued, but once she is married the woman is defined as being one with her husband. The woman would give up her name and virtually all of her property would go under his control.
The Enlightenment was a sprawling intellectual, philosophical, cultural, and social movement that spread through England, France, Germany, and other parts of Europe during the 1700s.” At that time, the opportunity for education expanded but decreased in quality. During the enlightenment, education was shown to be very important. Women in the high and middle class were offered an education, but it definitely was not as high of an education as a man. Enlightenment thinkers believed that Science and Philosophy were for men. So women were given training in areas that were going to help their husbands and families. Things like music, drawing, singing and painting were taught to the women. Women began working as productive laborers with the family around the age of six or seven. Most of the time, that meant working light farm labor, in agricultural areas. If the family lived in an urban setting, women could find low-level, low-wage jobs in many industries. This kind of work, for both men and women, was harsh, cruel and paid less than most jobs. In general, women's lives were oriented around the running of the household rather than the entire family. The women's marriage and children were put behind the household.
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Sources:
Source One (October 17, 2011)
Source Two (October 17, 2011)
Source Three (October 17, 2011)
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